Global VAT & Indirect Tax News

The EU has abolished the VAT de‑minimis rule, making VAT applicable to all commercial goods. Starting 1 July 2026, a €3 fixed duty per product type will apply to low‑value e‑commerce consignments, with a separate handling fee expected from late 2026 and the €150 duty‑free threshold slated to disappear by mid‑2028. Member states such as Romania have already introduced €5 logistics fees from 1 January 2026.

Croatia has made e-invoicing mandatory for B2B and B2C transactions for all VAT-registered businesses from 1 January 2026, with a second stage extending the requirement to non‑VAT entities on 1 January 2027. The mandate, known as “Fiscalization 2.0”, was implemented in two stages and follows the ordinance published on 17 December 2025. The Croatian Tax Authority has denied reports of system instability and will not grant a grace period.

The article outlines how corporate income tax (CIT) and VAT planning, vehicle selection, and structuring choices can materially affect returns on Portuguese real estate investments. It highlights Portugal’s progressive CIT rate reduction, the special tax regime for SICs, and the conditions under which VAT exemptions can be waived to enable VAT recovery while preserving CIT benefits.

The Polish Ministry of Finance clarified that invoices issued in PDF format cannot be corrected once the mandatory KSeF system becomes effective in February 2026. There will be no reversal or sanctions until 2027, and companies should use the transition period to establish internal processes.

The UK First‑Tier Tax Tribunal ruled on 16 December 2025 that photography costs used for product catalogues and an online store by an online retailer with integrated financial services are fully recoverable input VAT, as they are used for taxable retail supplies. The decision clarifies that such costs are not partially recoverable due to mixed use with exempt financial services.

China will abolish VAT export rebates for photovoltaic products from 1 April 2026 and phase out battery rebates by 1 January 2027. The policy aims to curb aggressive price discounting and reduce trade friction risks. Consumption tax rebates for these products will remain unchanged.

Turkiye’s Presidential Decree No. 10813, published 7 January 2026, abolishes simplified customs declarations for B2C e‑commerce shipments valued at €30 or less, effective 6 February 2026. All such imports must now use regular customs procedures, and products up to €1500 that are not of commercial quantity require full duty declaration and necessary permits. Medicines and food supplements under prescription up to €1500 remain exempt from the €30 limit but are subject to fixed duty rates and potential special consumption tax.

Mexico’s 2026 Tax Reform introduces significant VAT changes, including non-creditable VAT on insurance claims settled in kind and new digital reporting obligations for platforms. Digital platforms must provide online access to transactional data, upload detailed supplier information daily, and retain records for five years. The reform also removes the ability of Collective Financing Institutions to substitute legal entities for VAT withholding on interest paid to individuals.

The EU General Court clarified that simplified triangulation can be used in four-party supply chains if the third party has disposal power, even when goods are delivered to a fourth party. Dutch policy confirms this but adds an establishment requirement for party C, which may be overridden by the EU VAT Directive. The ruling also allows Member States to refuse the scheme in cases of VAT fraud.

The UK First‑Tier Tax Tribunal clarified that caregivers supplied to nursing and residential care homes are not VAT‑exempt unless they are registered medical professionals or supervised as required. The tribunal found that the taxpayer's services did not meet the exemption criteria and no other exemptions applied. The decision was issued on 16 December 2025.

Bulgaria has amended its VAT Act to require foreign EU suppliers to register for Bulgarian VAT and charge local VAT on supply and install contracts, effective 1 January 2026. The change replaces the previous reverse‑charge mechanism, aligning with the EU place‑of‑supply rule. Bulgarian customers will receive VAT‑charged invoices, and suppliers must update contracts and invoicing systems accordingly.

On 17 December 2025 the UK First‑Tier Tax Tribunal ruled that companies trading in telephone calling cards are liable for VAT and penalties, rejecting their claim to recover input VAT on purchases from a Hong Kong supplier. The tribunal held that the companies acted as principals, not agents, and failed to hold valid VAT invoices.

Cyprus Tax Agency extended the filing and payment deadline for certain VAT obligations to Jan. 20, 2026. The extension covers VAT returns for the period ended Nov. 30, 2025, VIES summary tables for December 2025, and flat‑rate declarations for the special urban taxi regime. Late filing may incur a 10% additional VAT and a €100 penalty.

The BFH ruling confirms that input tax can be deducted for the renovation of a historic castle even when financed by public grants and private donations, provided there is an entrepreneurial intent to generate taxable rental income. The decision clarifies that financing does not affect deduction, requires a clear allocation between private and taxable use, and mandates that the tax office determine the exact deductible share.

Italy’s 2026 Budget Law introduces several indirect tax measures effective 1 January 2026, including a new €2 levy on small shipments into the EU, a change to the VAT base for barter transactions, and automatic VAT settlement for non‑filing taxpayers. The law also postpones the plastic and sugar taxes to 1 January 2027 and the new consolidated VAT code will take effect on 1 January 2027.

France will terminate the one‑off fiscal representation route for Customs Procedure 42 on 1 January 2026, requiring non‑EU sellers to register for French VAT in their own name and file ongoing returns. The change removes the simplified “France‑as‑gateway” model and forces operators to adopt a formal French VAT footprint or reroute through other EU members.

Belgium’s federal government has raised the VAT rate on prepared meals from 6% to 12%, impacting school meals and home care for the elderly. The new rate applies to meals that must be eaten within two days, while frozen pizzas in supermarkets remain at 6%. The measure has sparked controversy and may increase costs for parents and the elderly.

Foreign investors in Indonesia must register for VAT once their annual turnover exceeds IDR 4.8 billion (US$300,000). After registration, all VAT invoices must be issued and validated through the e‑Faktur system, with monthly reporting and reconciliation required. Non‑compliant invoices and inconsistencies between invoices, returns, and accounting records can trigger audits and penalties.

The Post Office provides guidance for UK sellers on how the Import One Stop Shop (IOSS) scheme applies to sales into the EU. Items under €150 can be covered by IOSS, allowing buyers to pay duties and fees at purchase, while items over €150 or sold outside IOSS require duties to be paid by the recipient or via pre‑paid services. Gifts under €45 are exempt from duties and fees.

Burkina Faso has officially launched a certified electronic invoicing platform, replacing its 2017 normalised invoicing regime. The system will become mandatory for affected taxpayers from 1 July 2026 after a short transition period, enabling real‑time transmission of invoice data to the tax authority.